性格のダークトライアドとは、精神病質、マキャベリズム、ナルシシズムという3つの性格を指す。精神病質は、無慈悲さ、反社会性、利己性といった特徴で識別される。マキャベリズムは、自分の欲求を満たすために他者を操作する利己性で構成される。ナルシシズムも利己性として定義されるが、自分を周囲の人々よりも重要視するという点で異なる[21]。しかし、これらの構成要素は、一般的な五因子モデルの性格では十分に表現されていないと言われている。ダークトライアドは、正直さ-謙虚さ(誠実、忠実、忠誠心など)の反対極として概念化されることがある。つまり、正直さ-謙虚さのレベルが低いことは、精神病質、マキャベリズム、ナルシシズムのレベルが高いことに対応するということである[8][22]。ダークトライアドの性格構成要素は、Big Five Inventoryでは不愛想さとしか相関しない傾向があり、五因子モデルの尺度では一貫して表現されない[23]。そのため、多くの研究者は、ダークトライアドの次元に沿って特徴や行動を示す個人の性格特性をより詳細に理解するためにHEXACOモデルを用いているのである[24]。
↑ Ashton,Michael C.;Lee,Kibeom;Perugini,Marco;Szarota,Piotr;de Vries,Reinout E.;Di Blas,Lisa;Boies,Kathleen;De Raad,Boele(2004).“A Six-Factor Structure of Personality-Descriptive Adjectives: Solutions From Psycholexical Studies in Seven Languages.”.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology86(2): 356–366.doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.2.356.ISSN0022-3514.PMID14769090.
↑ “Empirical, theoretical, and practical advantages of the HEXACO model of personality structure”.Pers Soc Psychol Rev11(2): 150–66.(2007).doi:10.1177/1088868306294907.PMID18453460.
↑ C.,Ashton, Michael(2018).Individual Differences and Personality(3rd ed.).London, United Kingdom:Academic Press.pp.59–83.ISBN9780128098455.OCLC987583452
1 2 Ashton,M.C.;Lee,K.(2009).“The HEXACO-60: A Short Measure of the Major Dimensions of Personality”.Journal of Personality Assessment91(4): 340–345.doi:10.1080/00223890902935878.PMID20017063.
↑ Lee, K.;Ashton, M.C.(2004).“The HEXACO Personality Inventory: A New Measure of the Major Dimensions of Personality”.Multivariate Behavioral Research39(2): 329–358.doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr3902_8.PMID26804579.
↑ Ashton MC;Lee K(2007).“Empirical, theoretical, and practical advantages of the HEXACO model of personality structure”.Pers Soc Psychol Rev11(2): 150–66.doi:10.1177/1088868306294907.PMID18453460.
↑ Saucier G(October 2009).“Recurrent personality dimensions in inclusive lexical studies: indications for a big six structure”.J Pers77(5): 1577–614.doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00593.x.PMID19678873.
↑ C.,Ashton, Michael(2013).Individual differences and personality(2nd ed.).Amsterdam:Academic Press.ISBN9780123741295.OCLC835227535
1 2 Thalmayer,A. G.;Saucier,G.;Eigenhuis,A.(2011).“Comparative Validity of Brief to Medium-Length Big Five and Big Six Personality Questionnaires”.Psychological Assessment23(4): 995–1009.doi:10.1037/a0024165.PMID21859221.
1 2 Ashton,M. C.;Lee,K.(2008).“The HEXACO Model of Personality Structure and the Importance of the H Factor”.Social and Personality Psychology Compass2(5): 1952.doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2008.00134.x.
1 2 Lee,K.;Ashton,M. C.;Morrison,D. L.;Cordery,D.;Dunlop,P. D.(2008).“Predicting integrity with the HEXACO personality model: Use of self- and observer reports”.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology81: 147–167.doi:10.1348/096317907x195175.
↑ Weller,J. A.;Tikir,A.(2011).“Predicting domain-specific risk taking with the HEXACO personality structure”.Journal of Behavioral Decision Making24(2): 180.doi:10.1002/bdm.677.
↑ Paulhus,D.L.;Williams,K.M.(2002).“The Dark Triad of Personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and Psychopathy”.Journal of Research in Personality36(6): 556–563.doi:10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00505-6.
↑ “Predicting appraisals of romantic revenge: The roles of Honesty–Humility, Agreeableness, and vengefulness”.Personality and Individual Differences52(2): 128–132.(January 2012).doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.09.014.
↑ Silva, P.J.;Kaufman, J.C.;Reiter-Palmon, R.;Wigert, B.(2011).“Cantankerous Creativity: Honesty-Humility, Agreeablesness and the HEXACO structure of Creative Achievement”.Personality and Individual Differences51(5): 687–689.doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.06.011.
↑ “Predicting domain-specific risk taking with the HEXACO personality structure”.Journal of Behavioral Decision Making24(2): 180–201.(April 2011).doi:10.1002/bdm.677.
1 2 Ashton,M. C.;Lee,K.(2008).“The prediction of Honesty–Humility-related criteria by the HEXACO and Five-Factor Models of personality”.Journal of Research in Personality42(5): 1216.doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2008.03.006.
↑ Bourdage,J. S.;Lee,K.;Ashton,M. C.;Perry,A.(2007).“Big Five and HEXACO model personality correlates of sexuality”.Personality and Individual Differences43(6): 1506–1516.doi:10.1016/j.paid.2007.04.008.
↑ Saroglou,V.;Pichon,I.;Trompette,L.;Verschueren,M.;Dernelle,R.(2005).“Prosocial behavior and religion: New evidence based on projective measures and peer ratings”.Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion44(3): 323–348.doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2005.00289.x.
↑ Sibley,C. G.;Harding,J. F.;Perry,R.;Asbrock,F.;Duckitt,J.(2010).“Personality and prejudice: Extension of the HEXACO personality model”.European Journal of Personality24(6): 515–534.doi:10.1002/per.750.
↑ “Personality predictors of academic outcomes: big five correlates of GPA and SAT scores”.J Pers Soc Psychol93(1): 116–30.(July 2007).doi:10.1037/0022-3514.93.1.116.PMID17605593.
↑ Zettler,I.;Hilbig,B. E.;Haubrich,J.(2011).“Altruism at the ballots: Predicting political attitudes and behavior”.Journal of Research in Personality45: 130–133.doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2010.11.010.
↑ Chirumbolo,A.;Leone,L.(2010).“Personality and politics: The role of the HEXACO model of personality in predicting ideology and voting”.Personality and Individual Differences49: 43–48.doi:10.1016/j.paid.2010.03.004.
↑ Zettler,I.;Hilbig,B. E.(2010).“Attitudes of the selfless: Explaining political orientation with altruism”.Personality and Individual Differences48(3): 338–342.doi:10.1016/j.paid.2009.11.002.
↑ Goldberg,L. R.(1992).“The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure”.Psychological Assessment4: 26–42.doi:10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.26.
↑ De Raad,B.;Al,Et;Mlačić,Boris;Church,A. Timothy;Katigbak,Marcia S.;Ostendorf,Fritz;Hřebíčková,Martina;Di Blas,Lisaet al.(2010).“Only three personality factors are fully replicable across languages: Reply to Ashton and Lee”.Journal of Research in Personality44(4): 442–445.doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2010.05.005.